Light Independent Reactions

The light independent reactions occur in the fluid filled space of the chloroplast called the stroma.

Light independent reactions. The actual fixation of carbon dioxide which diffuses into the leaf from the atmosphere occurs by a cyclic series of reactions called the calvin cycle named after one of the pioneer researchers in this area a summary of the calvin cycle is illustrated in. Fixation in the stroma in addition to co 2 two other components are present to initiate the light independent reactions. The reactions are known as the calvin cycle and they take place in the stroma of the chloroplast. The light independent reactions can proceed once products nadph and atp of the light dependent reactions are present in the chloroplast.

The light independent reactions of the calvin cycle can be organized into three basic stages. The light independent reactions are collectively known as the calvin cycle and involve three main steps. An enzyme called ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase rubisco and three molecules. The endergonic light independent reactions of photosynthesis use the atp and nadph synthesized during the exergonic light dependent reactions to provide the energy for the synthesis of glucose and other organic molecules from inorganic carbon dioxide and water this is done by fixing carbon atoms from co 2 to the carbon skeletons of existing organic molecules.

Fixation reduction and regeneration. Light independent reactions the dark reactions use the nadph and atp chemicals created during the first part of photosynthesis to produce the carbohydrate end products of photosynthesis. Light independent reactions take place in plant chloroplasts in this process sugars are made from carbon dioxide. In photosynthesis the light dependent reactions take place on the thylakoid membranes the inside of the thylakoid membrane is called the lumen and outside the thylakoid membrane is the stroma where the light independent reactions take place the thylakoid membrane contains some integral membrane protein complexes that catalyze the light reactions.

The process known as the calvin cycle uses products of the light dependent reactions atp and nadph and various enzymes therefore the light independent reaction cannot happen without the light dependent reaction. In the stroma of the plant cells the nadph and atp chemicals fixate carbon dioxide from the air to produce a sugar that can act as food for the plant. The calvin cycle light independent reactions bio synthetic phase dark reactions or photosynthetic carbon reduction pcr cycle of photosynthesis are the chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose these reactions occur in the stroma the fluid filled area of a chloroplast outside the thylakoid membranes these reactions take the products atp and nadph.